Hinge for swinging windows.



s. VIRAGH. HINGE FOR SW|NG!NG WINDOWS.

APPLICATIDN FILED OCT-131 I913- Patented May 9, 1916.

WBTNESSES I THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH ,co, \VASHINZETON, D. C.

FEB STATES PA STEPHEN viaaen, or SWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA.

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HINGE FOR SWINGING WINDOWS.

Specification of Letters Patent Patented May 9, 1916.

Application filed. October 13, 1913. Serial No. 794,861..

The object of theinvention is "to provide I an improved hinge havingjsirnple mechanism for looking or fastening the hinge leaves in any desired relation to each other, which hinge is of simple construction, can be cheaply manufactured and is easily applied to a window sash, and which is in conspicuous when applied in use. 7

A further object of the invention is to provide a hinge having two leaves extending in opposite directions from the pintle p y it is preferably provided with a washer 12, and a cooperating lever 13. Lever 13is stamped or pressed from sheet metal and has its edges bent, as shown at 13 Fig. 6,v

and lying inplanes normal to its axis.

The invention comprises'the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed. f

In the drawings Figure 1 represents aside elevation of one form of hinge embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a plan or edge view thereof; Fig. 3is a sectional view on the line 3.3, Fig. 1 Fig. 1 is a detail perspective view of a washer, illustrating'the looking cams; Fig. 5 is a detail view of an operating lever, illustrating the locking cams thereof; Fig. 6 is an end view of said lever; Fig. 7 is a detail view, before being headed over, of the rivet shown in Fig.3; Fig. 8 is an end view of the same;Fig.'9 is a view corresponding to Fig. 3 and illustrating a modification; Fig. 10 is a detail view of the pintle shown in F ig. 9; and Figs. 11 and12 are similar. views illustrating still other modifications. h I i The hinge shown in the drawings comprises two leaves having body portions 1 provided with theusual screw-holes for securing them tothe two parts to be hinged together. 'Saidflea'ves mayv lie in planes parallel to and intersecting. the axis of the hinge pintle, but preferably, and as shown, lie in parallel planes normalto the axis of the hinge pintle and move in said'plane. The two leaves extend in opposite directions from the pintle axis, so that in the closed position of the hinge, shown in Fig. 1, they do not overlap each other but theirend edges lie in a plane passing through the pintle axis. Said leaves may be of any suit. able shape, but are shown as rectangular. They are provided at adjacent corners with projecting eyes 3 provided with apertures 1 to receive the hinge pintle 5." The eyes are preferably so arranged that the pintle axis is atfa corner of each leaf, that is, it passes through one of thelong edges of each leaf where said edge, produced, intersects the end edge produced. 7

In the form shown in Fig. 1 the pintle 5 is a rivet,'having two headed ends 6 and a shank 7 having a fiat side face 8, which is engaged by a straight portion 9 of theedge of the opening through one of the hinge leaves, such as the leaf 10, to non-rotatably connect said leaf and the pintle together. The two leaves are preferably separated by a suitable washer 11, although this is not essential.

For regulating the friction ofthe hinge to form an operating handle 14. Washer 12 is seated against one of the end heads 6 of the pintle with the lever 13 adjacent thereto, I

both the washer and lever lying between one ofthe hinge leaves and the pintle head. The

opening in washer 12 has a flat edge portion 12, fitting the flat side face 8 ofthe inclined in the same direction, and which I cooperate witha similar set of lugs or faces 16 on the adjacent face of the operating lever 13, which is freely rotatable upon the Ypintleii for non-rotatably connecting said:

hinge pintle. By rotatingthe lever 13 in the proper direction the cam faces 15 and 16 slide over each other and separate washer 12 and lever 13., Washer 12 is pushed against the head of the pintle, while the lever 13 is pushed against the adjacent hinge leaf,

which is therefore frictionally, clamped to a the other hinge leaf. If the lever is rotated in the opposite direction, the friction is relieved, so that the hinge leaves can be moved .to any. position relative to each other and then frictionally clamped in said position.

If desired a Haring spring washer 17,

This washer always sets up a certain amount of friction in the hinge. When the hinge. is used to rotatably connect a window sashwith a runner member slidable in the window runways, the washer creates suflicient friction to .hold the window sash in a slightly tilted position for ventilation, without requiring recourse to the special clamping means. \Vhen, however, additional friction is necessary the lever 13 is rotated and the washer 17 is flattened out. To limit this flattening and prevent the washer from losing its elasticity and resiliency the hinge pintle is preferably shouldered, as at 19. Said shoulder, in normal condition of the hinge, that is, when the spring washer is relieved of strain, liesiwithin the concavity of the washer. When the lever 13 is operated, one of the hinge leaves, as the leaf 20,

strikes the shoulder 19 before the springwasher is entirely fiattenedy This limits expansion of the parts lengthwise of the hinge pintle. The friction in the hinge, up to the time leaf 2O strikes the shoulder 19, is determined wholly by the spring washer. Further rotation of the operating lever, after shoulder 19 is contacted, increases the friction until the hinge is fully clamped or locked.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modified form of the invention in which the locking washer 12 of Fig. 1 is omitted. In this case the cam faces for cooperating with the cam faces of lever 13 are formed or placed upon the flat under face of the pintle head 6- as indicated at 15 The operation is exactlythe same as in the form of hinge abov described. In this form of the inventionthe pintle is unshoulderecl, and to prevent overstraining the spring washer a small annulus 21 is placed under the washer; Said annulus is a little thinner than the space between the under surface of the washer and the adjacent hinge leaf and in operation acts as a stop to prevent the pintle head and spring washer from being drawn too far toward the adjacent hinge leaf. Annulus 21 may be used in any form of the invention as a substitute for the shoulder 19, if the spring washer is used. The spring washer, however, is not essential and may be omitted, together with the shoulder 19 or annulus 21. The operating lever may be placed at either end of the hinge pintle, that is, between either head thereof and the adjacent hinge leaf, or it may be placed between the two hinge leaves.

Fig. 11 shows a modified form of the invention in which the lever 13 is located between the two hinge leaves. Said lever has cam lugs upon one of its faces, which cooperate with the cam faces on thewasher 12, which is of the same form as the washer shown in Fig; 1. The washer, however, may be omitted, in which case the cam faces thereofare-formed or placed upon one of the hinge leaves, as indicated at 15", Fig. 12.

In all forms of the invention the hinge pintle may be either a headed rivet, as shown in Fig. 1,'or may be an ordinary bolt, as shown in Fig. 11. Many other modifications may also be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificto runners which slide in runways in the frame. By manipulating the hinge the window sash may be swung or tilted to any inclined position andheld there frictionally. The hinge leaves fit in seats in the abutting faces of the'sash and runner and the hingeis therefore inconspicuous. Itis also of simple construction and may be maunfactured cheaply.

WV hat I claim is 1. A hinge comprising two leaves lying in parallel planes and having apertured eyes, a pintle passing through said eyes and having its axis normal to the planes of the hinge leaves, a washer non-rotatably connected on the pintle, a lever rotatable on the pintle, and cooperating cam faces on the washer and lever.

2. A hinge, comprising two leaves and a pintle connecting the same, said pintle hav-v ingend heads, yielding means lying between,

one of said headsand the adjacent hinge leaf and normally exerting pressure thereon, a lever rotatable on said pintle, and cam members arranged when said lever is ro-.

tated to increase the pressure exerted by said yielding means and clamp the hinge leaves in fixed relation. 7

3. A hinge, comprising two leaves and a pintle connecting the same, said pintle hav ing two heads, a yielding 'concavo-co'nvex washer lying between one of the pintle heads and the adjacent hinge leaf, said p intle having a shoulder normally lying with in the concavity of said washer, and cam means arranged when operated to force said hinge leaf against said shoulder. I I

it. A hinge, comprising two leaves and a pintle connecting the same, said pintle Inwing' two heads, a yielding concave-convex washer lying between one of the pintle heads and the adjacent hinge leaf, said pintle having a shoulder normally lying within the concavity of said washer, a washer no'nrotatab-ly connected to said pintle, a lever rotatable thereon, and cam faces on said washer and lever arranged when'said hinge leaf and normally exerting pressure thereon, means on said pintle for llmiting the compression of said washer, a lever rotatable on sald pintle, and cam members arranged when said lever is rotated to increase a the tension of said yielding washer and clamp the hinge leaves in fixed relation.

6. A hinge, comprising two leaves, a pintle connecting'said leaves and non-rotatably connected to one thereof, means for subjecting the leaves to a constant friction, and means for locking said hinge leaves, comprising a lever rotatably mounted on said pintle, and a washer, said lever and washer being provided with cooperating cam faces.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

STEPHEN VIRAGH.

Witnesses ELBERT L. HYDE, WILLIAM B. WHARTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained oi-five cent: each, by addressing the Commissioner or Patents,

' Washington, D. G. 

